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2. L'Idiot de la Famille: Gustave Flaubert de 1821 A 1857. Vol 3. Jean...

Lot No: 789

Estimate(RMB): 30,000－50,000

Price Realized(RMB): --

2. L'Idiot de la Famille: Gustave Flaubert de 1821 A 1857. Vol 3. Jean-Paul Sartre. Paris: Gallimard. 1972.
說明：薩特作福樓拜研究札記13頁，未刊，內(nèi)容可與其論文集《家庭的白癡—福樓拜1821-1857》（L'Idiot de la famille）1971、1972年Gallimard版互相參看，可知系該書的早期稿本。
此稿為薩特親筆手書，法語，含大量批校刪改筆跡，每頁均標(biāo)注頁碼。文稿分三部分：204至206頁，207頁（兩次），208至215頁。其中標(biāo)“207”的兩頁以黑色墨水書寫，內(nèi)容與其他用藍(lán)色墨水寫成的十一頁迥異。稿中關(guān)于“想象”“夢(mèng)”等意象著墨較多，這是因?yàn)樗_特采用了當(dāng)時(shí)流行的精神分析法來研究福樓拜的深層次心理。他寫道“福樓拜舍棄了他對(duì)于想象的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義理論，因他意識(shí)到想象是無序且非自發(fā)性的”。
薩特在文稿中認(rèn)為：福樓拜的夢(mèng)不是單純的逃離現(xiàn)實(shí)，而是對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的徹底毀滅否定，轉(zhuǎn)而追求虛無的想象；拒絕接受現(xiàn)實(shí)，正是福樓拜消極逃避主義的體現(xiàn)。同時(shí)，薩特將荒誕派戲劇作家讓·熱內(nèi)（Jean Genet）與福樓拜進(jìn)行對(duì)比，指出熱內(nèi)的想象力是爆發(fā)式而又自相矛盾的，對(duì)羞恥的奮力攻克幾乎是不真實(shí)的，并引用熱內(nèi)名言“我啐的一口濃痰就是自己最寶貴的鉆石！”，這和福樓拜是截然相反的。1952年薩特曾為熱內(nèi)撰寫傳記《圣人熱內(nèi)，演員以及烈士》。
薩特從事福樓拜研究三十年，他說“福樓拜成了我的心病”。1947年起便在《什么是文學(xué)》中以“不介入世務(wù)的福樓拜”為靶子進(jìn)行批判；晚年耗時(shí)七年研究福樓拜的童年、家庭和寫作動(dòng)機(jī)，成三大卷《家庭的白癡—福樓拜1821-1857》。該長篇論著在1955、1956年開始構(gòu)思起稿（此文或即作于此時(shí)），1957年命名。1966 年在《摩登時(shí)代》雜志（Les Temps modernes）連載部分內(nèi)容及長文《福樓拜的階級(jí)意識(shí)1837-1840》（La Conscience de classe chez Flaubert），后又發(fā)表《福樓拜——從詩人到藝術(shù)家》（Flaubert, du poète à l'artiste）。相關(guān)文稿1968、1969年完成校訂，由Gallimard于1971年出版前兩卷，1972年出版第三卷。單獨(dú)評(píng)述《包法利夫人》的第四卷在薩特過世前仍未完成，1988年再版時(shí)作為附件收錄其中。
薩特對(duì)于福樓拜基本采取“清算”態(tài)度：福氏雖憤世嫉俗，觸及社會(huì)不公、時(shí)代壓迫、人類困境，但總體而言作為資產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭的“白癡”，對(duì)自身階級(jí)既不懈又不舍，因此“雖有對(duì)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的嘲諷，但沒有革命的效力”。福樓拜厭世被動(dòng)、未老先衰，不清楚自己到底該為誰寫作“為藝術(shù)而藝術(shù)”，不僅不批判自己資產(chǎn)階級(jí)出身，也不介入現(xiàn)實(shí)，更未為革命搖旗吶喊。福樓拜代表薩特所不滿的全部——“福樓拜正好是我的反面”。
JEAN PAUL SARTRE NOTES OF RESEARCH ON FLAUBERT
Thirteen pages (with certificate)
Dated circa 1954-1956
27×21cm×13
RMB: 30,000－50,000
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